What Are Prebiotics, and Why Do They Matter?

From: FITT Meals
Nutritionist - Helen Conway
When it comes to gut health, most of us have heard about probiotics, which are the beneficial bacteria that live in your digestive system. But what many don’t realise is that these microbes need fuel to survive and do their job. That’s where fibre and prebiotics come in
The Gut’s Hidden Helpers
Your gut is home to trillions of bacteria, some of which are helpful and others potentially harmful, and we’re constantly learning more about the vital roles they play in how your body functions. The good bacteria help break down food, produce important nutrients, support your immune system, and even influence your mood. Keeping these microbes in balance is key to overall health, and fibre – especially prebiotic fibre – helps feed the good ones so they can thrive and do their job well.
What Exactly Is Fibre?
Fibre is a type of carbohydrate found in plant foods that the body can’t fully digest. While it doesn’t provide calories in the same way as other carbs, it plays a critical role in health – from regulating digestion and feeding gut bacteria to supporting heart health and keeping you fuller for longer.
Most adults should aim for at least 30g of fibre per day, however, many people fall far short of this. To help understand its importance, let’s take a quick look at the different types of fibre and how they work in your body.
The Two Main Types of Fibre
Soluble Fibre
Soluble fibre dissolves in water and forms a gel-like substance in the digestive tract. This slows down digestion, helps control blood sugar levels, lowers cholesterol, and also acts as a prebiotic, feeding the beneficial bacteria in your gut. You’ll find it in foods like oats, chia seeds, apples, citrus fruits, and legumes.
Insoluble Fibre
Insoluble fibre adds bulk to your stool and helps move waste through your digestive system, supporting regular bowel movements and preventing constipation. It’s found in whole grains, nuts, seeds, and the skins of fruits and vegetables

What Are Prebiotics?
- Onions
- Garlic
- Chia seeds
- Oats
- Leeks
- Asparagus
- Bananas
- Lentils and beans
How FITT Meals Supports Your Gut